Advances on association between indoor air pollution and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in human urine / 环境与职业医学

8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in human urine is a marker reflecting oxidative stress and DNA oxidative damage. People spend 80%-90% of their life indoors; therefore, indoor air quality is directly related to human health. In this paper, the urinary 8-OHdG levels were presented in populations grouped by different demographic characteristics, lifestyle, occupational exposure, and health status, and elucidated indoor pollutants affecting human urinary 8-OHdG level, such as pollutants from outdoor sources, smoking, indoor combustion and cooking fumes, the chemicals in interior decoration materials, and building foundation soils. The article aims to provide a theoretical basis for predicting the impact of indoor air pollution on human health (DNA oxidative damage and related diseases) by measuring the concentration of 8-OHdG in human urine.

Urine Malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine Levels as Indices of Oxidative Damage in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: The involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of various skin diseases has been suggested. OBJECTIVE: Urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels served as indices of oxidative stress. We explored whether MDA and 8-OHdG levels were higher in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) than in healthy controls. In addition, we evaluated the optimal cut-off values for 8-OHdG and MDA in the diagnosis of AD. We explored the associations between AD severity and the levels of serum IgE and oxidative products. METHODS: Urine samples were obtained from 52 AD patients and 27 healthy controls. We measured MDA levels (reflecting lipid oxidation) and 8-OHdG levels (reflecting DNA oxidation). Disease severity was assessed using the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. RESULTS: The urinary 8-OHdG level was 208.37±145.39 ng/mg Cr in AD patients and 115.65±63.95 ng/mg Cr in healthy controls. The urinary MDA level was 2.92±1.06 mmol/mg Cr in AD patients and 2.20±0.54 mmol/mg Cr in healthy controls. Both the urinary 8-OHdG and MDA levels were significantly higher in AD patients than in healthy controls (p=0.007, p=0.001, respectively). However, we found no correlation between disease severity or serum IgE and oxidative product levels. Levels of oxidative products did not differ significantly between children and adolescents and adults, males and females, or patients with intrinsic or extrinsic AD. CONCLUSION: MDA and 8-OHdG levels were higher in AD patients than in healthy controls. Oxidative stress may be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease.

Effects of smoking on concentration of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in coke oven workers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To explore the influence of smoking and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in coke oven workers and investigate their dose-dependent relationships.@*Methods@#A total of 436 workers exposed to coke oven emissions (COEs) and 132 controls were recruited in this study. Questionnaires were completed in a personal interview. Then their urine samples were also collected and the concentrations of urinary four OH-PAHs and 8-OHdG were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which was used to evaluate the levels of occupational PAHs internal exposure among workers and the DNA damage.@*Results@#The differences of concentrations of urinary 2-NAP (2-hydroxynathalene) , 2-FLU (2-hydroxyfluorene) , 9-PHE (9-hydroxyphenanthrene) , 1-OHP (1-hydroxypyrene) between exposure group and control group were statistically significant (P<0.05) . In exposure group and control group, the level of 8-OHdG in heavy smoking workers were significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed high levels of urinary 8-OHdG were associated with a significantly increased risk of having higher urinary1-hydroxypyrene levels[OR=1.43 (95%CI: 1.06-1.94) , P<0.01] and heavy smoking [OR=1.44 (95%CI: 1.08-1.91) , P<0.01], respectively. Trend test showed that linear dose response relationship between smoking, 1-OHP in urine and higher concentrations of 8-OHdG (P<0.05) . Smoking could significant modify the effects of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene, while co-exposure to both heavy smoking and high urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels[OR=5.64 (95%CI: 2.15-14.80) , P<0.05].@*Conclusion@#Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene is a useful biomarker for evaluating total PAHs exposure, coke oven workers with heavy smoking present more serious DNA oxditive damage.

Expression and significance of 8-OHdG in primary pterygium / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To detect oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)in primary pterygium and normal conjunctival tissues, explore the role of oxidative DNA damage in the pathogenesis of pterygium. <p>METHODS: Totally 35 primary pterygium specimens were collected during surgery and 5 normal conjunctival specimens which above the normal temporal bulbar conjunctiva were collected. The expressions of 8-OHdG in pterygium tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method and compared with the normal conjunctival tissues. The difference of 8-OHdG expression between the two groups was compared. <p>RESULTS: There were 24(69%)pterygium specimens positive for 8-OHdG staining, limited to the nuclei of the epithelial layer. No substantial staining was visible in the subepithelial fibrovascular layers. All normal controls were negative for 8-OHdG staining. The difference of 8-OHdG expression between the two groups was statistically significant(<i>P</i>=0.007). <p>CONCLUSION: The increased levels of 8-OHdG in the pterygium tissues indicate that oxidative DNA damage maybe play an important role in the pathogenesis of pterygium.

The significance of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine acid in the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis / 中华内科杂志

Objective To evaluate the significance of serum 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine acid ( 8-OHdG) in the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ( NASH).Methods Patients or healthy subjects were enrolled at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University and the Second People ′s Hospital of Tianjin from May 2013 to December 2015.A total of 41 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were enrolled in the study , including 20 nonalcoholic simple fatty liver ( NAFL) patients and 21 NASH patients whose diagnosis were proven by liver biopsy.The other 32 healthy subjects were studied as controls.Serum 8-OHdG, ALT, AST and GGT were tested.Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score ( NAS ) and expression of 8-OHdG in liver was investigated between NAFL patients and NASH patients.The correlations between serum 8-OHdG and serum ALT , AST, GGT, and 8-OHdG in liver tissue in NASH group were investigated.In addition , the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve analyses for ALT and 8-OHdG levels were performed in NAFL patients and NASH patients , and the cut-off value was determined.Results Serum 8-OHdG values in healthy controls , NAFL and NASH patients were (0.19 ±0.16) μg/L, (0.22 ±0.16) μg/L, (0.42 ±0.21) μg/L respectively.The serum 8-OHdG and serum ALT, GGT and 8-OHdG in liver tissue were all positively correlated in NASH group with respective correlation coefficient r values as 0.454 7, 0.382 9, and 0.497 6.AUC of 8-OHdG was 0.901 with cut-off value 0.39 μg/L.Its sensitivity was 88.3%and specificity was 81.5%, which were higher than those of ALT.Conclusion The value of serum 8-OHdG would be used as a marker for the diagnosis of NASH.

Oxidative Stress Levels in Aqueous Humor from High Myopic Patients

PURPOSE: To compare oxidative stress status in the aqueous humor of highly myopic eyes and control eyes. METHODS: Aqueous humor samples were collected from 15 highly myopic eyes (high myopia group) and 23 cataractous eyes (control group) during cataract surgery. Central corneal thickness, corneal endothelial cell density, hexagonality of corneal endothelial cells, and cell area of corneal endothelial cells were measured using specular microscopy. Axial length was measured using ultrasound biometry. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: 8-OHdG level was lower in the aqueous humor of myopic patients than in that of control group (p = 0.014) and was positively correlated with central corneal thickness and negatively correlated with axial length (r = 0.511, p = 0.02; r = -0.382, p < 0.001). There was no correlation between 8-OHdG level and corneal endothelial cell density, hexagonality, or cell area. Malondialdehyde level did not show any correlation with any parameters evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: 8-OHdG might be a sensitive biomarker for evaluating oxidative stress status in the eye. Oxidative stress level was lower in the aqueous humor of highly myopic eyes compared to that in control eyes, which indicates lower metabolic activity in these eyes.

Clinical significance of expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in gastric carcinoma / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA) and the level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) in gastric carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods PCNA protein expression of 63 tumor tissues , 36 paracancerous tissues and 9 chronic gastritis mucosa were ana-lyzed by immunohistochemistry and 8-O HdG of hydrolysates was determined by HPLC. Results The expression of PCNA and the level of 8-OHdG were upregulated in chronic gastrits mucosa adjacent tissues and gastric carci-noma raised gradually and these two metrics were associated with tumor differentiation and TNM stage. Conclu-sions Up-regulation of PCNA protein expression and 8-O HdG levels are observed in gastric carcinoma. Detec-tion of PCNA protein expression and 8-O HdG levels can be used to evaluate malignant biological behavior and prognosis of gastric cancer.

8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in urinary samples of pesticide sprayers on exposure to organophosphorus pesticides.

Background: Free radicals and other reactive species are constantly generated in vivo and cause oxidative damage to biomolecules. DNA is probably the most biologically significant target of oxidative attack. Among numerous types of oxidative DNA damage the formation of 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress, an adduct formed as a result of biochemical reaction between ROS and DNA. Chronic exposure to Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides is implicated in many health conditions that result from the induction of oxidative stress, including cytogenetic damage. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the biochemical levels of 8-OHdG in spot urinary samples under the exposed OP pesticide sprayers and farm workers. Methods: In this study, 51 male pesticide sprayers and 39 farm workers in the age group of 18-47 years having exposure ranged from 3 to 15 years in duration were selected. The referents (n=31) were selected on the same criteria as well as they were never exposed to pesticides at any time. This study was conducted during the growing season (January, 2009 – September, 2010). The most commonly used OP pesticides like chlorpyriphos, Diazinon, Dimethioate, Monocrotofos etc., were used in this study. Urine samples from each participant were taken in sterile tubes and were stored at -200C till analysed. The concentration of 8-OHdG in samples were analyzed using ELISA. Results: The urinary levels of 8-OHdG were found to be significantly higher in the farm workers and pesticide sprayers in contrast to the level observed in the control group (p<0.05). When the data was analyzed in the exposed groups in relation to duration of exposure it was found that both the farm workers and sprayers who were exposed to OP pesticides for less than 5 years showed the maximum mean values of 8-OHdG in comparison to those exposed to for more than 10 years. Conclusions: In view of this regular bio monitoring studies in target human populations are imperative necessary due to frequent changes in pesticide formulations and introduction of newer pesticides. Despite that several life style factors may influence the urinary concentrations of 8-OHdG but still this non-invasive bio-marker 8-OHdG is preferred over other invasive techniques to evaluate the environmental and occupational exposure effect of OP pesticides on the genotoxicity of the exposed workers.

Ameliorating effects of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, Chinese materia medica and active compounds on ischemia/reperfusion-induced cerebral microcirculatory disturbances and neuron damage

Ischemic stroke and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induced by thrombolytic therapy are conditions with high mortality and serious long-term physical and cognitive disabilities. They have a major impact on global public health. These disorders are associated with multiple insults to the cerebral microcirculation, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, leukocyte adhesion and infiltration, brain blood barrier (BBB) disruption, and capillary hypoperfusion, ultimately resulting in tissue edema, hemorrhage, brain injury and delayed neuron damage. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in China, Korea, Japan and other Asian countries for treatment of a wide range of diseases. In China, the usage of compound TCM preparation to treat cerebrovascular diseases dates back to the Han Dynasty. Even thousands of years earlier, the medical formulary recorded many classical prescriptions for treating cerebral I/R-related diseases. This review summarizes current information and underlying mechanisms regarding the ameliorating effects of compound TCM preparation, Chinese materia medica, and active components on I/R-induced cerebral microcirculatory disturbances, brain injury and neuron damage.

Impact of anti-hypertension therapy on seasonal variability of blood pressure, urinary 8-OHdG levels in essential hypertension / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate anti-hypertension threapy on seasonal variability of blood pressure,urinary 8-OHdG levels in essential hypertension in order to provide a basis for seasonal antihypertensive treatment.Methods Fifty hypertensive patients admitted the hospital of Erdos Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University at summer 2013 were selected as our subjects.The final subjects was 42 cases due to 8 lost cases.The patients were randomly divided into two groups,including 30 cases in renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors(RASI) group and 12 cases in Ca2+ channel blocker(CCB) group.Epidata 3.1 software was applied to perform statistic analysis.Urinary 8-OHdG concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Blood pressure was measured in spring,summer,autumn and winter.Results Systolic blood pressure(SBP) in RASI group and CCB group at winter periods were (158±20) mmHg,(158 ± 20) mmHg,higher than that in summer periods ((145 ± 12) mmHg,(141 ± 9) mmHg;P＜ 0.05).Diastolic blood pressure(DPB) in RASI group and CCB group at winter periods were (101 ± 13)mmHg and (100±4)mmHg,significant high than that in summer periods ((93 ±7) mmHg,(90±7) mmHg;P＜0.05).8-OhdG levels in RASI group at summer and autumn periods were (243.20±30.94) ng/L and (240.40±47.99) ng/L,significantly higher than that in winter and spring periods((190.80± 15.56) ng/L and (189.06± 13.56) ng/L),and the differences were significant(P＜0.001).No significant differences were seen in CCB group among 4 seasons in terms of 8-OhdG levels (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Blood pressure change still occur among 4 seasons in hypertensive patients after a single CCB containing RASI-based drug antihypertensive therapy.And blood pressure in winter periods is higher than that in summer,which indicates that therapy medication based on RASI might reduce the level of oxidative stress at winter periods.

Relationship between hOGG1 gene Ser326 Cys polymorphism and severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus / 中国病理生理杂志

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Tostudytherelationshipbetweenhuman8-oxoguanineglycosylase1(hOGG1)gene Ser326Cys polymorphism and severity of coronary artery lesions in the patients with diabetes mellitus .METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 323 patients with diabetic mellitus receiving coronary angiography .These patients underwent the test of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and were divided into Cys/Cys genotype (n=85), Ser/Ser genotype (n=121) and Ser/Cys genotype (n=117) according to the results of PCR-RFLP. All clinical data including history of diseases , complications and biochemical markers , such as blood glucose , blood lipids and so on, were recorded.hOGG1 mRNA and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively.The results of coronary angiography such as number and severity of coronary artery with lesions were analyzed by 2 cardiovascular physicians .Gensini score and SYNTAX score were also detected by the unitary criteria .RE-SULTS:(1)8-OHdG in Cys/Cys genotype was higher than that in Ser /Ser genotype and Ser/Cys genotype (P0.05).(2)hOGG1 mRNA ex-pression in Cys/Cys genotype was lower than that in Ser/Ser genotype and Ser/Cys genotype (P0.05) was observed.(3)The probability of triple vessel lesions in Cys/Cys genotype was high and the probability of single vessel lesions in Ser /Cys genotype was low , but the difference among 3 genotypes was not statistically significant (P>0.05).(4)Gensini score and SYNTAX score in Cys/Cys genotype were 48.7 ±15.3 and 39.5 ±17.2, respectively, and the ratio of complex lesions in Cys/Cys genotype was 73.0%.These scores and the ratio of complex lesions were higher than the other 2 genotypes (P0.05).CONCLUSION:hOGG1 gene Ser326Cys polymorphism has relationship with coronary artery lesions in the patients with diabetes mellitus and Cys /Cys genotype might have some impacts on the severity of lesions .The mRNA expression of hOGG1 in the patients with diabetes mellitus carrying Cys/Cys genotype is lower than that in the patients carrying the other 2 genotypes , then decreases the abil-ity of identification and removal of 8-OHdG and the capacity of repairing DNA oxidative damage , and accelerates the devel-opment of atherosclerosis .

The effects of low dose radiation on the levels of oxidative damage and antioxidant in population of high background radiation area of Guangdong / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of low dose radiation on the level of oxidative damage and antioxidant in population of high background radiation area of Guangdong.Methods A total of 48 male residents who lived in high background radiation area(HBRA) of Guangdong province and 48 male residents who lived in neighboring Enping control area were chosen as the objectives and control respectively.The peripheral venous blood of two groups was collected,and then the levels of 8-OHdG and TrxR were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Compared with the CA group [(315.39 ± 100.59) ng/ml],the level of 8-OHdG [(272.64 ± 96.85) ng/ml] decreased significantly in HBRA (t =2.121,P ＜0.05).Compared with the CA group [(0.467 ±0.056) ng/ml],the level of TrxR [(0.496 ± 0.044) ng/ml] increased significantly in HBRA (t =-2.823,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the chronic exposure to low dose of radiation had significant effects on the expression level of 8-OHdG and TrxR (t =-2.327,2.367,P ＜ 0.05) after adjustment for confounding factors such as age,drinking,tea drinking,smoking,medical exposure and stressful events.Conclusions Chronic exposure to low dose radiation may decrease the level of oxidative and enhance the level of antioxidant.

Change in serum level of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine during corticosteroid treatment in patients with active Graves' ophthalmopathy / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

The change in serum level of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),an oxidative stress biomarker,in patients with active Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) during corticosteroid treatment was observed.The serum level of 8-OHdG was significantly increased in patients with active GO as compared with that of normal controls and patients with Graves' disease (P ＜ 0.05).After systemic corticosteroid treatment,patients with GO showed significantly lowered 8-OHdG level as compared with that before treatment and patients with Graves' disease.These changes in serum 8-OHdG level were accompanied by decreases in clinical activity score (P ＜ 0.05) during corticosteroid treatment.Oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of GO.Serum 8-OHdG level may be used as an objective and quantitative parameter in patients with GO during immunosuppressive treatment.

The association between 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine and Graves' ophthalmopathy / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

To investigate the role played by 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in patients with Graves'ophthalmopathy(GO),and the association between 8-OHdG and the disease activity of GO.Serum levels of 8-OHdG were tested in 48 cases with GO and 30 cases with Graves' disease(GD) without ophthalmopathy.30 healthy subjects participated in this study as controls.8-OHdG was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Compared with the controls,the mean level of 8-OHdG in GO patients and GD patients was increased significantly [(2.98±1.33),(2.07±1.30) vs(0.72±0.93)ng/ml,P＜0.05].Mean 8-OHdG level in GO patients was markedly higher when compared to GD patients(P＜0.05).Pearson regression analysis showed that elevated levels of 8-OHdG were significantly correlated with the Clinical Activity Score of GO (r =0.54,P＜0.01).The serum level of 8-OHdG in GO patients was raised obviously,it implies that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of GO,and the serum level of 8-OHdG might act as an activity index of GO.

Expression of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine, thioredoxin reductase 1 and glutathione peroxidase 1 in myocardium of autopsy patients with Keshan disease / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective In this study,we investigated the relationship between oxidative stress,selenoproteins level and onset of Keshan disease (KD) through detecting the expression of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OH-dG),thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) in myocardial tissue.Methods Myocardium samples of autopsy patients including 8 cases of KD (KD group included 4 acute KD and 4 chronic KD) and 9 cases of non-KD (control group) were immunohistochemically stained for 8-OH-dG,TrxR1 and GPx1.The staining intensities subsequently quantified by using Olympus Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.Results The positive rate of 8-OH-dG expression in myocardial nuclei was higher in the case group[(68.6 ± 20.4)％] than that of the control group[(2.4 ± 1.5)％,t =8.515,P ＜ 0.05].In addition,the positive rate of 8-OH-dG expression in acute KD[(91.7 ± 3.7)％] was significantly higher than that of chronic KD[(53.2 ± 7.9)％,t =6.409,P＜0.05].The distribution of TrxR1 and GPx1 was not associated with the distribution of myocardial damage.The expression of these two selenoproteins in KD group (401340 ± 59865,497590 ± 197082) were both lower than that of control group(2790300 ± 379298,1348400 ±615840; t =-28.493,-6.016,respectively,all P＜0.01).Conclusions Oxidative damage is detected in myocardium tissue of KD,and 8-OH-dG expression is associated with the degree of myocardial damage in KD.Selenoproteins,TrxR1 and GPx1,may be closely related to the pathogenesis of KD.

Study on the correlation between oxidative stress and diabetic complications / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the correlation between oxidative stress and the occurrence and progression of diabetic complications in the patients with diabetes. Methods The content of 24 h urinary 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) in diabetes mellitus (DM) group, diabetic nephropathy (DN) group, diabetic retinopathy (DR)group, diabetic foot(DF) group, diabetic neuropathy (DNP) group and control group were detected, and analyzed. Results The content of 24 h 8-OhdG in DM group, DN group, DR group, DF group, DNP group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01), and that in DN group, DR group, DF group, DNP group were significantly higher than that in DM group(P ＜ 0. 01), but the content of 24 h 8-OhdG among DN group, DR group, DF group and DNP group was not statistically signiticant(P ＞0. 05). Conclusion The correlation between the occurrence of diabetic and its complications oxidative stress and the Ievel of oxidative stress in the body was positive related.

Health Effect Assessment on Volunteers Involved in the Cleanup Operation Following the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill Along the Taean Coast, Korea / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVE: The objetive of this study is to assess the level of oxidative stress by the exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in volunteers who cleaned up the crude oil spilled from the Hebei Spirit on the Coast of Taean County, Korea. METHODS: The study subjects were 46 volunteers and 37 controls from the National Institute of Environmental Research. A self-administered questionnaire was used for volunteers to examine their working environment and health effects. Urinary concentrations of hippuric acid, 1-hydroxypyrene, and 2-naphthol were measured as exposure markers for VOCs and PAHs, and urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were measured as oxidative stress markers. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of the respondents presented a variety of symptoms, including sore eyes and throat, nausea, dizziness, headache, low back pain, and leg pain after participating in the cleanup operation. Urinary 2-naphthol and TBARS concentrations appeared higher in the volunteers. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that urinary TBARS and 8-OHdG levels were positively correlated with urinary 2-naphthol and 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations respectively, especially among the volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: The result implies that participating in cleanup work of oil spills may have a possibility to induce oxidative damage by exposure to PAHs in crude oil.

Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on biomarker expressions during aflatoxin B_1-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats / 肿瘤

Objective:To study the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) on metabolism of aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1) in Wistar rats. Methods:Seventy one Wistar rats were divided into three groups at random: group A (AFB_1 group), group B (AFB_1+EGb761 group), and group C (control group). The rats in groups A and B were given AFB_1(intraperitoneal injection, 100-200 μg/ kg body weight, 1-3 times/week). The rats in group B were fed the food containing EGb761 while the rats in groups A and C were given normal food. Blood samples were collected and liver biopsy was performed on the 14th, 28th and 42nd week. All the rats were sacrificed at the 64th week. The incidence of hepatoma was observed. The hepatic phase Ⅰ drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP450 and phase Ⅱ enzyme GST were detected by spectrometry. The serum AFB_1-lysine adduct was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG) was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results:The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (26.92% vs 76.00%,P<0.001). No hepatocellular carcinoma developed in group C. EGb761 had no effects on the activities of CYP450 and GST in rat liver tissues. The level of AFB_1-lysine adduct reached the peak (4 356.01 pg/mg albumin) at the 14th week in group A. EGb761 significantly inhibited the formation of AFB_1-lysine adducts in serum by 13.07% at the 14th week (P＝0.033), and 73.63% at the 42nd week (P＝0.002). The expression of 8-OHdG protein in rat liver tissues in group B was significantly lower than that in group A at the 28th, 42nd, and 64th week (P<0.05). Conclusion:The main mechanism underlying the effect of EGb761 in blocking hepatogenesis induced by AFB_1 may not be fully related with its influence on the activity of liver phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ metabolizing enzymes. EGb761 inhibites the production of AFB_1-lysine addcuts, decreases the expression of 8-OHdG protein, and finally alleviates the DNA oxidative injury, which may be one of the mechanisms for the effects of EGb761 in inhibiting or delaying hepatogenesis induced by AFB_1.

Depression and oxidative damage in TNM stage II patients with poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma / 西安交通大学学报·英文版

Objective: To investigate the association between psychological stress and oxidative damage in TNM stage III patients with poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). Methods: One hundred and six patients with newly diagnosed poorly differentiated GA were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), activities of daily living (ADL) and other multiple-item questionnaires. Oxidative-stress-related parameters in serum and the expression of DNA repair genes were monitored during a pretreatment period. Results: The patients were divided into depression and nondepression groups (Groups A and B, respectively) based on a HAMD score cutoff of 20. The mean SDS, SAS, SCL-90, ADL and passive coping scores were higher in Group A, whereas social support and quality of life were lower. Serum total antioxidant capacity, catalase, superoxide dismutase concentrations and anti-superoxide anion capacity (A-ASC) were significantly decreased in Group A, whereas serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were significantly increased. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that depression was positively correlated with MDA, SAS, SCL-90 and ADL, but negatively correlated with A-ASC. Furthermore, real-time PCR revealed that the expression levels of hOGG1 and APEX1 were increased in Group A. Conclusion: Psychological stress might be related to impaired antioxidant system in patients with GA, and it presents the first evidence of the involvement of oxidative DNA damage in the pathogenesis of depression.

Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and ALDH2 on the Relationship between the Levels of Urinary 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine and t,t-Muconic Acid / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms on the oxidative genetic damage caused by benzene exposure in workers. METHODS: We measured urinary t,t-muconic acid levels as a biomarker for benzene exposure and measured the level of urinary 8-OHdG to assess oxidative DNA damage in benzene-exposed healthy male workers. Genetic polymorphisms of ALDH2 and CYP2E1 were determined by TaqMan assay. We estimated Pearson correlation coefficients between urinary t,t-muconic acid and 8-OHdG according to the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and ALDH2. RESULTS: There was a significant relationship between urinary t,t-muconic acid and 8-OHdG concentrations in overall subjects (R=0.532, p<0.001). Smokers showed a higher correlation coefficient between the markers than nonsmokers did (R=0.520 vs. 0.010). Individuals with CYP2E1 c1/c1 genotype also showed a higher correlation coefficient between them than those with CYP2E1 c1/c2 or c2/c2 genotypes (R=0.670 vs. -0.145). In multiple linear regression analysis including smoking status, sorbic acid intake, age and genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and ALDH2 as the independent variables, urinary t,t-muconic acid showed a significant association with urinary 8-OHdG. CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant correlation between urinary 8-OHdG and urinary t,t-muconic acid in benzene-exposed workers. This relationship was affected by genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1and ALDH2.